Harmonisasi Standar Halal Asia Tenggara: Analisis Komparatif Kebijakan dan Regulasi di ASEAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61136/8tc60712Keywords:
Policy Harmonization, Halal Certification, ASEAN, Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA)Abstract
This study aims to analyze a comparative policy harmonization model capable of bridging inter-country halal regulatory egocentrism in the ASEAN single market era. This study employs a qualitative method with a Comparative Legal Approach. Data were collected through documentation studies and literature reviews of laws and regulations, policy documents, and relevant scientific references, which were then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively through data identification, comparison, interpretation, and synthesis. Data validity was maintained through source triangulation by comparing various credible documents and literature. The results show that halal governance systems in the ASEAN region have developed diversely according to each country's social, political, and economic characteristics. Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam implement mandatory halal certification, while Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand still use a voluntary approach. This diversity reflects legal pluralism, yet simultaneously poses a potential for technical barriers to trade due to the sub-optimal cross-border halal certification recognition mechanisms. This study finds that the harmonization of halal policies is more effectively achieved through a comparative approach based on a Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) rather than the standardization of national regulations, as it accommodates the legal sovereignty of each country while supporting ASEAN halal market integration. Therefore, strengthening MRA implementation, aligning minimum certification standards, optimizing the ASEAN General Guidelines on Halal Food, and digitalizing certification data exchange systems are strategic steps to enhance trade efficiency and the competitiveness of the halal industry in the ASEAN region.
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